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American campaign slogan

Trump'southward "Make America Great Over again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence as his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Great Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the like slogan "Let'south Make America Neat Again" in his successful 1980 presidential entrada. Pecker Clinton too used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used it over again in a radio commercial aired for his married woman Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential main entrada. Douglas Schoen has called Trump'due south use of the phrase "probably the nigh resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in pass up.[ii] [3]

The slogan became a popular civilization phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link information technology to racism in the United states, regarding it as dog-whistle politics and coded language.[four] [v] [6] [seven] The slogan was also at the center of two events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assault hoax and the Jan 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [10] [11]

Utilize before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a spoken communication at the 3rd session of the 76th United States Congress in apprehension of the 1940 U.s. presidential election: "What is the manner? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of usa. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and management; who can give the man of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That volition brand America great again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was establish in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let's brand America nifty once more" was famously used in Ronald Reagan'south 1980 presidential entrada. At the time the U.s. was suffering from a worsening economy at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the land's economical distress every bit a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[fourteen] [15] [16] [17] Within his acceptance speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, peculiarly in the inner cities where they alive. For those who've abased hope, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a great national crusade to make America great once again."[xviii] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[twenty] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential entrada.[21] Clinton likewise used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential principal campaign.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump'south version, used as a entrada rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you an economic system you had fifty years ago, and... move you support on the social totem pole and other people downward."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a US Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Press on Baronial 16, 2011, equally Troublemaker: Permit's Do What It Takes to Make America Dandy Again.[24]

Utilise past Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Brand America Nifty Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In Dec 2011, Trump made a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must go out all of my options open considering, above all else, we must brand America bang-up again."[25] Also in December 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #one Once again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Bang-up Once again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Great Again" by stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of State's part to create the "Brand America Great Once again Political party", which would take allowed Trump to be that political party'south nominee if he had decided to get a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Mitt Romney. By his own business relationship, Trump first considered "We Will Brand America Bang-up", simply did non feel like information technology had the right "ring" to it. "Make America Great" was his side by side slogan idea, merely upon farther reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because it implied that America was never keen. After selecting "Make America Slap-up Again", Trump immediately had an attorney register it. (Trump later said he was unaware of Reagan'southward use in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the United States Patent and Trademark Function requesting exclusive rights to utilise the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service mark on July 14, 2015, later Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [thirty] Trump used the slogan in public as early as August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Great Once more" on a roadside in California before long after the Nov 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Keep America Corking" lid in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump often used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which before long became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was so important to the entrada that at 1 signal information technology spent more than on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or idiot box commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that apocryphal versions outnumbered the real hat 10 to 1. "...but information technology was a slogan, and every time somebody buys ane, that'south an advertizing."[28]

Following Trump's ballot, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Go on America Great" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] Yet, Trump's 2020 entrada continued to employ the "Make America Great Again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "brand America great again, once more" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "once again-once again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In late 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[38]

Less than a week after Trump left office, he spoke to advisors about possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Political party" or "Make America Not bad Again Party". In his first few days out of role, he also supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise chosen for the creation of a "MAGA Political party". In late January 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Party every bit leverage to preclude Republican senators from voting to captive him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the Business firm.[39] [40]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My use of social media is not Presidential – it's MODERN Twenty-four hour period PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Swell Over again!" on July one, 2017.[41]

In the get-go half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an article for Bloomberg News, Marking Whitehouse noted "A regression assay suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post's retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the average Trump tweet attracts a full of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] According to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: ane,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and 3,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump set up his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June sixteen, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with particularly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Political party nomination (May 3, 2016) and after winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, information technology is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America journalist, among others,[5] [6] explained how information technology is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't merely appeal to people who hear it as racist coded linguistic communication, but besides to those who take felt a loss of status as other groups accept become more empowered."[4] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates as America Beginning did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks similar me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Brand America Great Once more' lid is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if you article of clothing one, it's a pretty skillful indication that yous share, admire or capeesh President Trump's racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[6] The Detroit Gratuitous Printing and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this label and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan as "fabulous", writing: "Information technology was vague plenty to entreatment to optimists generally, while leaving plenty of room for biting and resentful voters to conclude that nosotros were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[49] Polling has shown that about ten percent of black voters identified as Trump supporters,[l] [ non-primary source needed ] while about thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified every bit Trump supporters.[51] [ better source needed ]

Australian political commentator and former Liberal political party leader John Hewson writes in January 2018 that he believes the recent global movements against traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "There should be footling dubiousness nearly The states President Donald Trump's views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'fake news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His election campaign theme was effectively a promise to 'Make America Cracking Again; America Get-go and Just' and—nod, nod, flash, wink—to Make America White Again."[52]

Utilize by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and writer Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Can Win the War on Terror and Make America Smashing Once more [53] cartoon on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr subsequently the Invasion of Iraq and early on years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a volume nigh her Republican Senate entrada in the 2010 Delaware special ballot titled Troublemaker: Let's Exercise What It Takes To Make America Great Again.[54]

Subsequently Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of information technology were widely used in reference both to his election entrada and to his politics. Trump'due south primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Brand America Groovy Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send cease-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz afterwards sold hats featuring, "Brand Trump Debate Again", in response to Trump'south boycotting the Iowa Jan 28, 2016 contend.[55] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such equally "Make America United mexican states Again", a critique of Trump'southward immigration policies regarding the U.South.–Mexico edge.[56] [57]

Use by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 bill signing.[58] [59] Former US Attorney Full general Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did y'all think America was great?"[60] [61] During John McCain's memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to be fabricated smashing again because America was always great."[62] Trump subsequently tweeted "MAKE AMERICA Keen AGAIN!" later that mean solar day.[63]

Use by hate groups [edit]

A 2018 written report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[64]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last judgement of the speech delivered past him was "brand our planet great once again."[65]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in Oct 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Republic of indonesia great over again", though he denied having copied Trump.[66]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Party used the slogan "Brand Eu Lagom Again".[67] [68]

February 2019 Fridays for Future protest in Berlin with the line "Make Earth Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Movement have often used slogans like "Brand Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[69] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Make the World Greta Again.[70]

In pop culture [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Brand America Rage Once again" stage backdrop reminiscent of the "Make America Dandy Again" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Adult pic star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took part in a "Brand America Horny Once more" strip club tour. The tour followed Trump's initial 2016 campaign trail and role of the revenue was donated to Planned Parenthood.[71]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Douse-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Douse Again".[72]

Artwork [edit]

  • Brand Everything Groovy Again was a street art landscape by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[73] [74]

One-act [edit]

  • Comedian David Cantankerous'southward 2016 stand-up tour was titled "Making America Great Once more".[75]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, ii Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an clan with Adult Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed as the World Trade Center during the September eleven attacks, wore "Brand FishCenter Swell Once again" hats.[76] [77] [78]

Fashion [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Brand America Neat Again" Official presidential entrada Flag to blueprint a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to vesture on Red Carpet e.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[79]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Brand Sandford Bang-up Once again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[80]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Brand England Great Once more" fez hat in 1 scene.[81]
  • The Syfy film Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Once more".[82]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Ballot Year (2016) is "Go along America Great" (a phrase Trump would later use as his 2020 campaign slogan); ane of the Boob tube spots for the motion picture featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does so "to keep my country [America] nifty".[83] The adjacent picture in the franchise, The First Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA hat.[84]
  • The character Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the film.[85]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Great Once again" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat eleven (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld corking once more".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Again" in its marketing campaign.[86]
  • In Metallic Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Great Over again" during his speech while battling Raiden.[87]

Music [edit]

  • Autumn Out Boy released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Brand America Psycho Once more.[88]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called M.A.T.A, meaning Brand America Trap Over again.[89]
  • Make America Rock Once again was a rock concert bout.[90]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Car, Public Enemy and Cypress Colina, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Again Tour", using a stage backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • UK musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protest album in 2020 called 'Make Acrimony Great Again'[91]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Brand America Crip Over again".[92]
  • Frank Turner released a vocal called "Brand America Bang-up Again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Brand America Great Again" a few months after actualization at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' apparel.[93]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a chapeau proverb Make America Skate again in Chance the Rapper's video No Trouble
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Once again (2019), with cover art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[94]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Anarchism released a song titled Make America Great Once more.[95]
  • Metallic ring Thy Art Is Murder released a song chosen "Make America Hate Again" on their album Human Target (2019). They also sell a hat with the slogan "Make Deathcore Great Over again".

Sports [edit]

  • Then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat saying "Make Baseball Fun Once again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia E. Butler used "Make America Corking Again" every bit the presidential campaign slogan for a graphic symbol, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[96] Jarret is described as "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled organized religion and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[97]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Again",[98] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Television [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Terminal Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Brand Donald Drumpf Over again", in reference to the original ancestral name of the Trump family unit.[99] [100] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[100]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Land Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a entrada that is a parody of Trump's, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[101]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[102] [103] [104] [105]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May 30, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the black people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Event occurs at 0:00.
  2. ^ Schoen, Douglas (April eight, 2016). "Donald Trump saw what politicians ignored. And then he disrupted American politics". Play a joke on News . Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  3. ^ Edwards-Levy, Ariel (November xviii, 2015). "Americans Aren't Sure Annihilation In America Works Anymore". Huff Post . Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  4. ^ a b Melton, Marissa (August 31, 2017). "Is 'Make America Groovy Again' Racist?". Voice of America. Retrieved Oct 25, 2020.
  5. ^ a b Shamus, Kristen Jordan (January 24, 2019). "MAGA hats: Trump campaign swag or symbols of hate?". Detroit Free Press . Retrieved Oct 25, 2020.
  6. ^ a b c Abcarian, Robin (Feb five, 2019). "MAGA hats and greasepaint are dissimilar forms of expression, simply they share a certain unfortunate Deoxyribonucleic acid". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved Oct 25, 2020.
  7. ^ Rebecca Solnit (2018). Telephone call Them past Their Truthful Names: American Crises (and Essays). Haymarket Books. Trump'due south slogan, 'Make America neat over again', seemed to invoke a return to a Never Never Land of white male supremacy, where coal was an crawly fuel, bluish-color manufacturing jobs were what they had been in 1956, women belong in the dwelling, and the needs of white men were paramount.
  8. ^ "How The Media Covered Jussie Smollett". NPR.org . Retrieved September 15, 2021.
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  20. ^ "Make America Great Once more a Retrospective". YouTube . Retrieved July 21, 2017.
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  22. ^ "2008 Clinton Campaign Ad: Bill Clinton: Hillary Volition "Make America Swell Again"". YouTube . Retrieved July 21, 2017.
  23. ^ "Bill Clinton suggests Trump slogan racist – but he used the same 1". Fob News. September 9, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
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  32. ^ Bump, Philip (January 25, 2016). "Why Donald Trump has given up on the hat". The Washington Post . Retrieved November five, 2018.
  33. ^ Smith, Allan (November 10, 2016). "'Great again': Donald Trump'due south .gov website is at present live". Business Insider . Retrieved November 12, 2016.
  34. ^ Alex Seitz-Wald (March eleven, 2018). "'Proceed America Great': After year in office, Trump unveils 2020 campaign slogan". NBC News.
  35. ^ Kumar, Anita (May xx, 2020). "Trump tries on MAGA 2.0 for a pandemic era". Politico. Retrieved Nov 23, 2020.
  36. ^ "Two weeks of finger-pointing and spectacle get out two Americas disunited, other convention takeaways". web.archive.org. August 28, 2020. Retrieved March 22, 2022.
  37. ^ Hall, Louise (August 25, 2020). "Mike Pence mocked for spin on Trump election slogan". The Independent . Retrieved December 31, 2021. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  38. ^ Bremner, Jade (Oct five, 2021). "Trump ridiculed for name of new PAC: Make America Great Over again, Once again". The Contained . Retrieved Jan 1, 2022. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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  44. ^ a b "#maga Hashtag Analytics". RiteTag . Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  45. ^ Trackalytics. "Donald J. Trump Twitter Followers Statistics". Trackalytics . Retrieved Nov 28, 2017.
  46. ^ Illing, Sean (October 22, 2018). "How "America First" ruined the "American dream"". Vocalism . Retrieved May xviii, 2021.
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  50. ^ http://maristpoll.marist.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/NPR_PBS-NewsHour_Marist-Poll_USA-NOS-and-Tables_202009171415.pdf[ blank URL PDF ]
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  56. ^ Cadman, Dan (May xvi, 2016). "'Brand America Mexico Once again'". CIS.org . Retrieved February 21, 2021. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  57. ^ Latimer, Brian (May iv, 2016). "'Make America Mexico Again' Lid Maker: Satire Tin Alter Conversation". NBC News . Retrieved February 21, 2021. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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  59. ^ Goldmacher, Shane (August 15, 2018). "Cuomo Says America 'Was Never That Great' in Jab at Trump Slogan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April thirty, 2019.
  60. ^ "Holder to Trump: 'Exactly when did you think America was great?'". MSNBC. March 28, 2019. Retrieved March 29, 2019. Holder also discusses the Trump slogan of 'Make America Cracking Again', posing the question: 'when did you think America was great?'
  61. ^ Norman, Greg (March 28, 2019). "Eric Holder goes on MAGA set on: 'Exactly when did you recall America was great?'". Play a trick on News . Retrieved Apr xxx, 2019.
  62. ^ Kane, Paul; Pogrund, Gabriel; Itkowitz, Colby (September 1, 2018). "'America was always dandy': Meghan McCain rebukes Trump". The Washington Post . Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  63. ^ Donald Trump [@realDonaldTrump] (September 2, 2018). "Make AMERICA Not bad AGAIN!" (Tweet). Retrieved September 2, 2018 – via Twitter.
  64. ^ Sean M. Eddington (2018). "The Communicative Constitution of Detest Organizations Online: A Semantic Network Analysis of "Make America Smashing Again"". Social Media + Society. 4 (3). doi:10.1177/2056305118790763.
  65. ^ "Macron: 'Make our planet keen once more'". BBC News . Retrieved January xviii, 2018.
  66. ^ Massola, James (Oct 20, 2018). "Prabowo wants to 'make Indonesia swell once again'". The Sydney Forenoon Herald . Retrieved October 20, 2018.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

woodfeseracke.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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